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Murung Raya Regency is the most northerly and geographically the largest of the thirteen regencies (kabupaten) which (together with the independent city of Palangkaraya) comprise the province of Central Kalimantan on the island of Borneo, Indonesia. It was created on 10 April 2002 from the former northwestern two-thirds of the North Barito Regency. The capital of the regency is the town of Puruk Cahu. The regency covers an area of 23,700 km2 and had a population of 96,857 inhabitants at the 2010 census (an increase from 74,050 within the current area at the previous census in 2000) and 111,527 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as at mid 2025 was 120,222 (comprising 62,166 males and 58,056 females).

Menurut Staatsblad van Nederlandisch Indië tahun 1849, wilayah Dusun Hulu termasuk daerah ini merupakan bagian dari zuid-ooster-afdeeling berdasarkan Bêsluit van den Minister van Staat, Gouverneur-Generaal van Nederlandsch-Indie, pada 27 Agustus 1849, No. 8.

The regency has an area of 23,700 km2 and lies between 114°27'00 to 115°49'00 East longitude and 0°58'30 North latitude to 1°26'00 South latitude. It occupies the valleys and foothills of the southern and eastern slopes of the Müller Mountains, and rises to 1730 m at Mount Lesung on its northern border. Most of the riverine area lies at an altitude of 100 to 200 m above sea level while the foothills are mostly at an altitude of 400–500 m.

The Betikap and Sepathawung valleys, in the northwest part of the regency have been declared protected areas for orangutans. The Tumbang Topus caves have been the source of discovery of a number of new species.

Puruk Cahu, the seat of the regency has a tropical rainforest climate (Af) with heavy to very heavy rainfall year-round.